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Java实现文件上传

 
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  • 需求说明

用户添加页面有一个“上传”按钮,点击按钮弹出上传界面,上传完成后关闭上传界面。

  • 所需Jar包

commons.fileupload-1.2.0.jar、commons.logging-1.1.1.jar、commons.beanutils-1.8.0.jar、commons.collections-3.2.0.jar、commons.io-1.4.0.jar、commons.lang-2.1.0.jar

  • 实现效果



  • 代码实现
首先编写核心代码,Javascript打开上传页面,并且从上传页获取返回参数,最后数据返回给回调函数callback:
/**
 * 跳转到上传页
 * functionId:功能ID
 * fileType:文件类型
 * maxSize:文件容量上限
 * callback:回调函数,返回三个参数:文件真名、文件存放名和文件大小
 */
function openUpload(functionId,fileType,maxSize,callback){
	var url = root+"/CommonController.jhtml?method=goFileUpload&";
	if(functionId!=null){
		url = url + "functionId="+functionId+"&";
	}
	if(fileType!=null){
		url = url + "fileType="+fileType+"&";
	}
	if(maxSize!=null){
		url = url + "maxSize="+maxSize;
	}
	var win = window.showModalDialog(url,"","dialogWidth:300px;dialogHeight:150px;scroll:no;status:no");
	if(win != null){
		var arrWin = win.split(",");
		callback(arrWin[0],arrWin[1],arrWin[2]);
	}
}

用户添加页面相关代码,点击“上传”按钮时调用上面的核心js代码,并且获取返回值
<script>
.......

function openUpload_(){
	openUpload(null,'JPG,GIF,JPEG,PNG','5',callback);
}

/**
 * 回调函数,获取上传文件信息
 * realName真实文件名
 * saveName文件保存名
 * maxSize文件实际大小
 */
function callback(realName,saveName,maxSize){
	$("#photo_").val(saveName);
	//回调后其它操作
}
</script>

<tr>
			<td>头像:</td>
			<td>
				<input type="hidden" name="photo" id="photo_"></input>
				<input type="button" onclick="openUpload_()" value="上传"/>
			</td>
		</tr>

文件上传的JSP代码,需要注意的是在head标签内添加<base target="_self">以防止页面跳转时弹出新窗口,用户选择指定文件,点击上传时就提交表单访问指定后台代码
<%@ include file="/WEB-INF/jsp/header.jsp" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />
<base target="_self">
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h5>文件上传</h5><hr/>
	<form id="file_upload_id" name="file_upload_name" action="<%=root%>/CommonController.jhtml?method=doFileUpload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
		<input type="hidden" name="functionId" value="${functionId}"/>
		<input type="hidden" name="fileType" value="${fileType}"/>
		<input type="hidden" name="maxSize" value="${maxSize}"/>
		<div><input type="file" name="file_upload"/></div>
		<c:if test="${maxSize!=null}">
			<div style="font: 12">文件最大不能超过${maxSize}MB</div>
		</c:if>
		<c:if test="${fileType!=null}">
			<div style="font: 12">文件格式必须是:${fileType}</div>
		</c:if>
		<div><input type="submit" value="上传"/></div>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

CommonController目前有两个方法,一个是跳转到上传页面的方法,一个是执行上传操作的方法doFileUpload,上传方法运行的大概逻辑是:首先获取页面的请求参数,fileType用于限制上传文件格式,

maxSize用于限制上传文件最大值,随后创建上传目录上传即可。

public class CommonController extends BaseController {
	Log log = LogFactory.getLog(CommonController.class);
	
	Properties fileUploadPro = null;
	public CommonController(){
		fileUploadPro = PropertiesUtil.getPropertiesByClass("fileupload.properties");
	}
	
	
	@Override
	public ModeAndView init(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		return null;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 跳转到文件上传页
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @return
	 * @throws ServletException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public ModeAndView goFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String functionId = request.getParameter("functionId");
		String fileType = request.getParameter("fileType");
		String maxSize = request.getParameter("maxSize");
		ModeAndView mav = new ModeAndView("/WEB-INF/jsp/common/fileUpload.jsp");
		
		if(functionId!=null && !"".equals(functionId.trim())){
			mav.addObject("functionId", functionId);
		}
		if(fileType!=null && !"".equals(fileType.trim())){
			mav.addObject("fileType", fileType);
		}
		if(maxSize!=null && !"".equals(maxSize.trim())){
			mav.addObject("maxSize", maxSize);
		}
		return mav;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 上传文件
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @return
	 * @throws ServletException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public ModeAndView doFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//获取并解析文件类型和支持最大值
		String functionId = request.getParameter("functionId");
		String fileType = request.getParameter("fileType");
		String maxSize = request.getParameter("maxSize");
		
		//临时目录名
		String tempPath = fileUploadPro.getProperty("tempPath");
		//真实目录名
		String filePath = fileUploadPro.getProperty("filePath");
		
		FileUtil.createFolder(tempPath);
		FileUtil.createFolder(filePath);
		
		DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
		//最大缓存
		factory.setSizeThreshold(5*1024);
		//设置临时文件目录
		factory.setRepository(new File(tempPath));
		ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
		if(maxSize!=null && !"".equals(maxSize.trim())){
			//文件最大上限
			upload.setSizeMax(Integer.valueOf(maxSize)*1024*1024);
		}
		
		try {
			//获取所有文件列表
			List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
			for (FileItem item : items) {
				if(!item.isFormField()){
					//文件名
					String fileName = item.getName();
					
					//检查文件后缀格式
					String fileEnd = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1).toLowerCase();
					if(fileType!=null && !"".equals(fileType.trim())){
						boolean isRealType = false;
						String[] arrType = fileType.split(",");
						for (String str : arrType) {
							if(fileEnd.equals(str.toLowerCase())){
								isRealType = true;
								break;
							}
						}
						if(!isRealType){
							//提示错误信息:文件格式不正确
							super.printJsMsgBack(response, "文件格式不正确!");
							return null;
						}
					}
					
					//创建文件唯一名称
					String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
					//真实上传路径
					StringBuffer sbRealPath = new StringBuffer();
					sbRealPath.append(filePath).append(uuid).append(".").append(fileEnd);
					//写入文件
					File file = new File(sbRealPath.toString());
					item.write(file);
					//上传成功,向父窗体返回数据:真实文件名,虚拟文件名,文件大小
					StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
					sb.append("window.returnValue='").append(fileName).append(",").append(uuid).append(".").append(fileEnd).append(",").append(file.length()).append("';");
					sb.append("window.close();");
					super.printJsMsg(response, sb.toString());
					log.info("上传文件成功,JS信息:"+sb.toString());
				}//end of if
			}//end of for
			
		}catch (Exception e) {
			//提示错误:比如文件大小
			super.printJsMsgBack(response, "上传失败,文件大小不能超过"+maxSize+"M!");
			log.error("上传文件异常!",e);
			return null;
		}
		
		return null;
	}
}

至此一个文件上传即已实现,而且能够基本满足不同模块的上传通用性,我还留着个functionId参数用于以后针对不同模块上传文件到不同目录。


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